Reconstruction of the breast following mastectomy

Abstract

Objectives: To review immediate and delayed breast reconstructive options following surgery for high-risk or cancer-related unilateral or bilateral mastectomy and examine restorative interventions to promote a positive body image and long-term survivorship.

Data sources: Review of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochran Review.

Conclusion: For women facing mastectomy, a consultation with a plastic/reconstructive surgeon is a first step toward recovery with restoration of a missing body part. Nursing interventions are integral to physical and psychosocial healing.

Implications for nursing practice: An understanding of the reconstructive process can be beneficial in the care of women facing and recovering from a mastectomy. Psychological and physical issues occur whether the woman is undergoing bilateral prophylactic mastectomies for a high-risk condition or mastectomy as treatment for a malignant tumor.

Keywords: Breast reconstruction; alloplastic breast reconstruction; autologous breast reconstruction; implant-based reconstruction; perforator flap; tissue expansion.