Hamartoma of the optic nerve in a young child—case report and review of the literature

Childs Nerv Syst. 2015 Aug;31(8):1401-6. doi: 10.1007/s00381-015-2727-1. Epub 2015 Apr 30.

Abstract

Purpose: Hamartomas are well described but yet incompletely understood sporadic benign lesions that can arise in various locations. Hypothalamic hamartomas of infancy are often associated with severe developmental disturbances. We present a case of an infant boy with a hamartoma that arises from the optic nerve and lead to progressive unspecific seizure activity, behavioral problems and precautious puberty.

Methods: A 1-year-old male patient was presented with horizontal nystagmus and developmental retardation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast revealed an isointense mass ventral of the chiasm consistent with a hamartoma. Soon after the MRI, the mother of the patient reported gelastic-like seizures. The patient was evaluated by an interdisciplinary team, and surgery was recommended. Intraoperatively, a firm attachment to the optic nerve was recognized and a thin remnant layer of tissue was left behind.

Results: After an uncomplicated near total resection, the patient improved significantly. After 6 months, the frequency of seizures reoccurred, which were again unresponsive to antiepileptic medication. In a second operation, a complete resection of the remnants was performed, and the patient showed lasting clinical improvement.

Conclusion: We conclude that hamartomas mimicking hypothalamic symptoms can also arise from the optic pathway and that a reoperation, if feasible, of even small remnants is essential in order to achieve lasting symptom relieve.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / metabolism
  • Hamartoma / diagnosis
  • Hamartoma / physiopathology*
  • Hamartoma / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Intermediate Filaments / metabolism
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Optic Chiasm / pathology
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / diagnosis
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / therapy*

Substances

  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Ki-67 Antigen