Decision-making for destination therapy left ventricular assist devices: implications for caregivers

Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2015 Mar;8(2):172-8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.114.001276. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

Abstract

Background: Implanting centers often require the identification of a dedicated caregiver before destination therapy left ventricular assist device (DT LVAD) implantation; however, the caregiver experience surrounding this difficult decision is relatively unexplored.

Methods and results: From October 2012 through July 2013, we conducted semistructured, in-depth interviews with caregivers of patients considering DT LVAD. Data were analyzed using a mixed inductive and deductive approach. We interviewed 17 caregivers: 10 caregivers of patients living with DT LVAD, 6 caregivers of patients who had died with DT LVAD, and 1 caregiver of a patient who had declined DT LVAD. The themes identified, which could also be considered dialectical tensions, are broadly interpreted under 3 domains mapping to decision context, process, and outcome: (1) the stark decision context, with tension between hope and reality; (2) the challenging decision process, with tension between wanting loved ones to live and wanting to respect loved ones' wishes; and (3) the downstream decision outcome, with tension between gratitude and burden.

Conclusions: Decision-making surrounding DT LVAD should incorporate decision support for patients and caregivers. This should include a focus on caregiver burden and the predictable tensions that caregivers experience.

Keywords: heart failure; patient-centered care.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Attitude to Death
  • Caregivers / psychology*
  • Choice Behavior*
  • Cost of Illness
  • Emotions
  • Family Relations
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure / psychology
  • Heart Failure / therapy*
  • Heart-Assist Devices*
  • Humans
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient-Centered Care*
  • Qualitative Research
  • Quality of Life
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Treatment Refusal
  • Ventricular Function, Left*