Discrepancies in describing pain: is there agreement between numeric rating scale scores and pain reduction percentage reported by patients with musculoskeletal pain after corticosteroid injection?

Pain Med. 2015 May;16(5):870-6. doi: 10.1111/pme.12669. Epub 2015 Feb 26.

Abstract

Objective: Pain intensity is commonly rated on an 11-point Numerical Pain Rating Scale which can be expressed as a calculated percentage pain reduction (CPPR), or by patient-reported percentage pain reduction (PRPPR). We aimed to determine the agreement between CPPR and PRPPR in quantifying musculoskeletal pain improvement at short-term follow-up after a corticosteroid injection.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Urban, academic, physical medicine, and rehabilitation outpatient interventional musculoskeletal and spine center.

Methods: The agreement between CPPR and PRPPR was determined by concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) in subjects who had experienced improvement in musculoskeletal or radicular pain 3 weeks after a first-time injection at our clinic. Subjects who experienced unchanged pain (PRPPR = 0) were compared to CPPR with paired t-test.

Results: We examined 197 subjects with greater than 3/10 pain who underwent first-time fluoroscopic-guided corticosteroid injections. Ninety-three subjects reported higher PRPPR than CPPR values, and 41 subjects reported higher CPPR values. The CCC between CPPR and PRPPR was 0.44 (95% CI 0.35-0.54), with a precision of 0.54 and an accuracy of 0.81, and 95% limits of agreement ranging between -41% and +73%. Values for CCC, precision, and accuracy were higher for males compared to females and were highest in the youngest age group (18-40) and lowest in the middle age group (41-60).

Conclusions: PRPPR may not agree with CPPR at 3 week follow-up, as these individuals tend to report a higher estimated percentage improvement compared to the value calculated from their pain scores.

Keywords: Acute Pain; Chronic Pain; Memory; Musculoskeletal Pain; Pain Measurement; Radiculopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intralesional
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Musculoskeletal Pain / drug therapy*
  • Pain Measurement / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones