Educational Status, Anger, and Inflammation in the MIDUS National Sample: Does Race Matter?

Ann Behav Med. 2015 Aug;49(4):570-8. doi: 10.1007/s12160-015-9687-2.

Abstract

Background: Racial differences in anger frequency and expression styles have been found. Further, African Americans receive fewer health benefits from higher education than Whites.

Purpose: This study seeks to investigate racial differences in how anger moderates the association between education and inflammation.

Methods: Midlife in the US participants (n = 1,200; 43.0 % male; 18.5 % African American) provided education and anger data via survey assessments. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen were determined from a fasting blood sample following an overnight clinic visit.

Results: African Americans reported higher anger-out, IL-6, and fibrinogen and lower anger-control than Whites. Anger-out predicted higher IL-6 and fibrinogen among African Americans with higher education; whereas, trait anger and anger-out predicted lower fibrinogen among Whites with higher education. Anger-out marginally predicted higher IL-6 in less educated Whites.

Conclusions: Findings underscore racial differences in the benefits and consequences of educational attainment, and how social inequities and anger are manifested in inflammatory physiology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anger / physiology*
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data*
  • Educational Status*
  • Female
  • Fibrinogen*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / blood
  • Inflammation / physiopathology*
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • United States
  • White People / statistics & numerical data*

Substances

  • IL6 protein, human
  • Interleukin-6
  • Fibrinogen