Diagnosing Rhodococcus equi infections in a setting where tuberculosis is highly endemic: a double challenge

J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Apr;53(4):1431-3. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02284-14. Epub 2015 Jan 28.

Abstract

Rhodococcus equi infection is increasing in regions with high HIV prevalence worldwide. The microbiological features and clinical mimicry of tuberculosis infection pose diagnostic challenges in high-tuberculosis-incidence settings. We present two HIV-associated cases of R. equi infection from Vietnam and discuss the unique diagnostic challenges in such settings.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actinomycetales Infections / complications
  • Actinomycetales Infections / diagnosis*
  • Actinomycetales Infections / epidemiology
  • Actinomycetales Infections / microbiology
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Ascorbic Acid
  • Cholecalciferol
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone / analogs & derivatives
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nicotinic Acids
  • Plant Extracts
  • Rhodococcus equi*
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / complications
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / diagnosis*
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / epidemiology
  • Vietnam / epidemiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • HUM 5007
  • Nicotinic Acids
  • Plant Extracts
  • Cholecalciferol
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone
  • Ascorbic Acid