Background: Iodine content in table salt was adjusted from 30-50 mg/kg to 21-39 mg/kg from March of 2012 in Henan Province, China. The vulnerable population may be at risk of iodine deficiency.
Objectives: To determine whether the iodine intake was sufficient in vulnerable populations and to investigate what factors may be associated with iodine status in these vulnerable populations in Henan Province, China.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 17 cities in Henan Province, China, from April 2012 to December 2012 to assess the iodine status in vulnerable populations, including women of reproductive-age (n=2648), pregnant women (n=39684), lactating women (n=6859), infants <2 years of age (n=16481), and children aged 8-10 years (n=3198). Questionnaires (n=4865) related to demographic and dietary factors were collected from the investigated women to identify factors that were related to iodine intake and iodine status.
Results: The median urinary iodine concentrations (mUICs) were 205 μg/L, 198 μg/L, 167 μg/L, 205 μg/L and 200 μg/L, respectively, in reproductiveage, pregnant and lactating women, infants <2 years of age and children aged 8-10 years. Higher income, and consuming more poultry and fish in the diet had positive impact on UIC levels. Low salt intake, consuming more rice and vegetables in the diet were negative factors for UIC.
Conclusions: Iodine status of the vulnerable populations was generally adequate in Henan Province, China, according to WHO criteria. But the mUICs were slightly above the adequate level in reproductive-age women and children aged 8-10 years. It's important to monitor the iodine status in vulnerable populations after the adjustment on iodine content in table salt.
背景：从2012 年3 月起，中国河南省食盐中碘浓度从30-50 mg/kg 调整到21- 39 mg/kg。由于食盐中碘浓度的下调，重点人群可能有碘缺乏的风险。目的： 了解河南省重点人群的碘营养状况是否适宜，并探索与碘营养相关的影响因 素。方法：从2012 年4 月至2012 年12 月，在中国河南省的17 个城市对重点 人群的碘营养状况开展横断面调查，包括育龄妇女2648 名、孕妇39684 名、 哺乳期妇女6859 名、0-2 岁婴幼儿16481 名和8-10 岁儿童3198 名。通过问卷 形式收集调查对象的人口学因素和膳食情况，共收集问卷4865 份。结果： 2012 年河南省育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、0-2 岁婴幼儿和8-10 岁儿童的 尿碘中位数分别为205 μg/L、 198 μg/L、 167 μg/L、 205 μg/L 和200 μg/L。高 收入、膳食中摄入更多的禽类和鱼类因素与尿碘浓度呈正相关，而低盐膳食、 膳食中摄入更多的大米和蔬菜与尿碘浓度呈负相关。结论：按照WHO 的标 准，河南省重点人群的碘营养状况总体适宜，但育龄妇女和8-10 岁儿童的尿 碘浓度略高于适宜水平。食盐中碘浓度调整后，对重点人群的碘营养状况进行 监测是十分必要的。