Increased cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-8 in bipolar disorder patients associated with lithium and antipsychotic treatment

Anniella Isgren; Joel Jakobsson; Erik Pålsson; Carl Johan Ekman; Anette G M Johansson; Carl Sellgren; Kaj Blennow; Henrik Zetterberg; Mikael Landén

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2014.10.001

Increased cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-8 in bipolar disorder patients associated with lithium and antipsychotic treatment

Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Jan:43:198-204. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.10.001. Epub 2014 Oct 14.

Authors

Anniella Isgren¹, Joel Jakobsson², Erik Pålsson², Carl Johan Ekman³, Anette G M Johansson³, Carl Sellgren⁴, Kaj Blennow², Henrik Zetterberg⁵, Mikael Landén⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg and Mölndal, Sweden. Electronic address: anniella.isgren@vgregion.se.
² Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg and Mölndal, Sweden.
³ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁵ Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg and Mölndal, Sweden; UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
⁶ Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg and Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

PMID: 25451615
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.10.001

Abstract

Inflammation has been linked to the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder based on studies of inflammation markers, such as cytokine concentrations, in plasma and serum samples from cases and controls. However, peripheral measurements of cytokines do not readily translate to immunological activity in the brain. The aim of the present study was to study brain immune and inflammatory activity. To this end, we analyzed cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid from 121 euthymic bipolar disorder patients and 71 age and sex matched control subjects. Concentrations of 11 different cytokines were determined using immunoassays. Cerebrospinal fluid IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in patients as compared to controls. The other cytokines measured were only detectable in part of the sample. IL-8 concentrations were positively associated to lithium- and antipsychotic treatment. The findings might reflect immune aberrations in bipolar disorder, or be due to the effects of medication.

Keywords: Antipsychotic drugs; Biomarkers; Bipolar disorder; Cerebrospinal fluid; Cytokines; Interleukin-8; Lithium.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Antimanic Agents / therapeutic use*
Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use*
Bipolar Disorder / cerebrospinal fluid*
Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy*
Female
Humans
Interleukin-8 / cerebrospinal fluid*
Lithium / therapeutic use*
Male
Middle Aged

Substances

Antimanic Agents
Antipsychotic Agents
Interleukin-8
Lithium