Solution-phase parallel synthesis of ruxolitinib-derived Janus kinase inhibitors via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition

ACS Comb Sci. 2015 Jan 12;17(1):5-10. doi: 10.1021/co500122h. Epub 2014 Dec 1.

Abstract

A solution-phase parallel synthesis of triazole-derived ruxolitinib analogues was developed in the current study. The method employs copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition to build up the central triazole template. Product isolation by precipitation and centrifugation is straightforward and yields high purity compounds suited for biological profiling. A simple protocol for accessing the terminal alkyne precursors in high yields was established and a library of ruxolitinib-like triazoles featuring diverse functional groups was prepared. In addition, a model for the binding mode of ruxolitinib to Janus kinase (JAK) 2 is proposed. In contrast to previous models, the pose explains the compound selectivity for JAK1/JAK2 and is in accordance with published structure-activity data. On this basis, a structure-based design hypothesis for inverting the selectivity profile of ruxolitinib is deduced. Application of this strategy identified a moderately potent JAK3 inhibitor (35 nM) with high selectivity against other JAKs, potentially exploiting a covalent binding mode.

Keywords: Janus kinase inhibitors; click chemistry; copper-catalyzed azide−alkyne cycloaddition; heterocycles; triazoles.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkynes / chemistry*
  • Azides / chemistry*
  • Copper / chemistry*
  • Cycloaddition Reaction*
  • Janus Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nitriles
  • Pyrazoles / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines

Substances

  • Alkynes
  • Azides
  • Nitriles
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • Copper
  • ruxolitinib
  • Janus Kinases