Genetic susceptibility, colony size, and water temperature drive white-pox disease on the coral Acropora palmata

PLoS One. 2014 Nov 5;9(11):e110759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110759. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Outbreaks of coral diseases are one of the greatest threats to reef corals in the Caribbean, yet the mechanisms that lead to coral diseases are still largely unknown. Here we examined the spatial-temporal dynamics of white-pox disease on Acropora palmata coral colonies of known genotypes. We took a Bayesian approach, using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation algorithms, to examine which covariates influenced the presence of white-pox disease over seven years. We showed that colony size, genetic susceptibility of the coral host, and high-water temperatures were the primary tested variables that were positively associated with the presence of white-pox disease on A. palmata colonies. Our study also showed that neither distance from previously diseased individuals, nor colony location, influenced the dynamics of white-pox disease. These results suggest that white-pox disease was most likely a consequence of anomalously high water temperatures that selectively compromised the oldest colonies and the most susceptible coral genotypes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Diseases / etiology*
  • Animals
  • Anthozoa / genetics*
  • Caribbean Region
  • Coral Reefs
  • Gene-Environment Interaction
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Population Density
  • Seawater*
  • Temperature*
  • United States Virgin Islands

Grants and funding

Data collected for this project was supported by funds from the U.S. Geological Survey Natural Resource Preservation Program and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies Program, and by in-kind contributions from the National Park Service (Virgin Islands National Park). Support for E. Muller was provided by a Mote Marine Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.