The elastin peptide (VGVAPG)3 induces the 3D reorganisation of PML-NBs and SC35 speckles architecture, and accelerates proliferation of fibroblasts and melanoma cells

Histochem Cell Biol. 2015 Mar;143(3):245-58. doi: 10.1007/s00418-014-1274-2. Epub 2014 Oct 2.

Abstract

During melanoma tumour growth, cancerous cells are exposed to the immediate surrounding the micro- and macro environment, which is largely modified through the degradation of the extracellular matrix by fibroblast-derived metalloproteinases. Among the degradation products, (VGVAPG)3, an elastin peptide is known to stimulate the proliferation of both fibroblasts and cancerous cells by binding to the elastin-binding receptor and activating the MEK/ERK signal transduction pathway. As this process strongly modifies mRNA synthesis, we investigated its effect on the relative three-dimensional organisation of the major partners of the mRNA splicing machinery: promyelocytic nuclear bodies (PML-NBs ) and splicing component 35 speckles (SC35) of normal fibroblasts and melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells. SC35 and PML-NBs proteins were immunolabeled and imaged by confocal microscopy within these cells cultured with (VGVAPG)3. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed to elucidate the organisation of PML-NBs and SC35 speckles and their spatial relationship. In G0 cells, SC35 speckles were sequestered in PML-NBs. Shortly after (VGVAPG)3 stimulation, the three-dimensional organisation of PML-NBs and SC35 speckles changed markedly. In particular, SC35 speckles gradually enlarged and adopted a heterogeneous organisation, intermingled with PML-NBs. Conversely, inhibition of the elastin-binding protein or MEK/ERK pathway induced a remarkable early sequestration of condensed SC35 speckles in PML-NBs, the hallmark of splicing inhibition. The 3D architecture of speckles/PML-NBs highlights the modulation in their spatial relationship, the multiple roles of PML-NBs in activation, inhibition and sequestration, and provides the first demonstration of the dependence of PML-NBs and SC35 speckles on the elastin peptide for these functions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Nucleus / drug effects*
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Elastin / chemistry*
  • Fibroblasts / cytology*
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional*
  • Melanoma / pathology*
  • Oligopeptides / pharmacology*
  • RNA Splicing / drug effects*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Oligopeptides
  • Elastin
  • valyl-glycyl-valyl-alanyl-prolyl-glycine