Psychometric evaluation of the Work Readiness Questionnaire in schizophrenia

CNS Spectr. 2016 Apr;21(2):199-206. doi: 10.1017/S1092852914000352. Epub 2014 Oct 1.

Abstract

Objective/introduction: Unemployment can negatively impact quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. Employment status depends on ability, opportunity, education, and cultural influences. A clinician-rated scale of work readiness, independent of current work status, can be a valuable assessment tool. A series of studies were conducted to create and validate a Work Readiness Questionnaire (WoRQ) for clinicians to assess patient ability to engage in socially useful activity, independent of work availability.

Methods: Content validity, test-retest and inter-rater reliability, and construct validity were evaluated in three separate studies.

Results: Content validity was supported. Cronbach's α was 0.91, in the excellent range. Clinicians endorsed WoRQ concepts, including treatment adherence, physical appearance, social competence, and symptom control. The final readiness decision showed good test-retest reliability and moderate inter-rater reliability. Work readiness was associated with higher function and lower levels of negative symptoms. Low positive and high negative predictive values confirmed the concept validity.

Discussion: The WoRQ has suitable psychometric properties for use in a clinical trial for patients with a broad range of symptom severity. The scale may be applicable to assess therapeutic interventions. It is not intended to assess eligibility for supported work interventions.

Conclusions: The WoRQ is suitable for use in schizophrenia clinical trials to assess patient work functional potential.

Keywords: clinical outcomes research; employment; function; readiness for work; schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Employment / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Compliance*
  • Physical Appearance, Body*
  • Psychometrics
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Schizophrenia*
  • Schizophrenic Psychology*
  • Social Skills*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Work / psychology