Blood Type O is not associated with increased blood loss in extensive spine surgery

Abstract

Study objective: To investigate whether Type O blood group status is associated with increased intraoperative blood loss and requirement of blood transfusion in extensive spine surgery.

Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Setting: University-affiliated, non-profit teaching hospital.

Measurements: Data from 1,050 ASA physical status 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 patients who underwent spine surgeries involving 4 or more vertebral levels were analyzed. Patients with Type O blood were matched to similar patients with other blood types using propensity scores, which were estimated via demographic and morphometric data, medical history variables, and extent of surgery. Intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL) was compared among matched patients using a linear regression model; intraoperative transfusion requirement in volume of red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, platelet, cryoprecipitate, cell salvaged blood, volume of intraoperative infusion of hetastarch, 5% albumin, crystalloids, and hospital length of hospital (LOS) were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.

Main results: Intraoperative EBL and requirement of blood product transfusion were similar in patients with Type O blood group and those with other blood groups.

Conclusion: There was no association between Type O blood and increased intraoperative blood loss or blood transfusion requirement during extensive spine surgery, with similar hospital LOS in Type O and non-O patients.

Keywords: Blood loss, surgical; Blood salvage, intraoperative; Hemodilution; Transfusion; Type O blood.