Laser-enhanced cytotoxicity of zoledronic acid and cisplatin on primary human fibroblasts and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line UM-SCC-3

Abstract

Introduction: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is used in parodontitis treatment in combination with an antimicrobial photosensitizer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combination of LLLT with cisplatin and zoledronic acid as potential photosensitizer in-vitro.

Materials and methods: Primary human fibroblasts (PHF) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (HNSCC, exactly UM-SCC-3) were treated with different concentrations of zoledronatic acid and cisplatin and irradiated twice with a diode laser (wavelength 670 nm, 2 min). Cell viability was tested by XTT assay and histomorphological analysis with HE staining.

Results: LLLT increased bioviability for both cell lines (p < 0.001). LLLT lowered PHF viability at the highest concentrations of cisplatin (p = 0.027 and p = 0.005) and zoledronic acid (p < 0.001). For HNSCCs, LLLT reduced cell viability at every concentration of cisplatin (all p < 0.05). In cases of incubation with zoledronic acid, similar to fibroblasts, laser therapy lowered cell viability at the highest concentration only (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that LLLT enhances the effect of cisplatin and zoledronic acid in the discussed cells in order to develop new therapeutic options for cysts in the cranio-maxillofacial region and other appropriate indications.

Keywords: Enhancing cytotoxicity; KCOT; LLLT.