Remote ischemic preconditioning to reduce contrast-induced nephropathy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials. 2014 Apr 11:15:119. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-119.

Abstract

Background: Despite the increasing use of pre- and posthydration protocols and low-osmolar instead of high-osmolar iodine-containing contrast media, the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is still significant. There is evidence that contrast media cause ischemia-reperfusion injury of the medulla. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a non-invasive, safe, and low-cost method to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: The RIPCIN study is a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial in which 76 patients at risk of CIN will receive standard hydration combined with RIPC or hydration with sham preconditioning. RIPC will be applied by four cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion of the forearm by inflating a blood pressure cuff at 50 mmHg above the actual systolic pressure. The primary outcome measure will be the change in serum creatinine from baseline to 48 to 72 h after contrast administration.

Discussion: A recent pilot study reported that RIPC reduced the incidence of CIN after coronary angioplasty. The unusual high incidence of CIN in this study is of concern and limits its generalizability. Therefore, we propose a randomized controlled trial to study whether RIPC reduces contrast-induced kidney injury in patients at risk for CIN according to the Dutch guidelines.

Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN76496973.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / diagnosis
  • Acute Kidney Injury / prevention & control*
  • Clinical Protocols
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Fluid Therapy
  • Forearm / blood supply*
  • Humans
  • Ischemic Preconditioning / methods*
  • Reperfusion Injury / diagnosis
  • Reperfusion Injury / etiology
  • Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
  • Research Design*
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Contrast Media

Associated data

  • ISRCTN/ISRCTN76496973