The role of (18)fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in resectable pancreatic cancer

Dig Liver Dis. 2014 Aug;46(8):744-9. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.03.011. Epub 2014 Apr 8.

Abstract

Background: The role of (18)fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is debated. We retrospectively assessed the value of (18)fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in addition to conventional imaging as a staging modality in pancreatic cancer.

Methods: (18)Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed in 72 patients with resectable pancreatic carcinoma after multi-detector computed tomography positron emission tomography was considered positive for a maximum standardized uptake value >3.

Results: Overall, 21% of patients had a maximum standardized uptake value ≤ 3, and 60% of those had undergone neoadjuvant treatment (P=0.0001). Furthermore, 11% of patients were spared unwarranted surgery since positron emission tomography/computed tomography detected metastatic disease. All liver metastases were subsequently identified with contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Sensitivity and specificity of positron emission tomography/computed tomography for distant metastases were 78% and 100%. The median CA19.9 concentration was 48.8 U/mL for the entire cohort and 292 U/mL for metastatic patients (P=0.112).

Conclusions: The widespread application of (18)fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with resectable pancreatic carcinoma seems not justified. It should be considered in selected patients at higher risk of metastatic disease (i.e. CA19.9>200 U/mL) after undergoing other imaging tests. Neoadjuvant treatment is significantly associated with low metabolic activity, limiting the value of positron emission tomography in this setting.

Keywords: Computed tomography; Liver; Lymph node; Metastases; Pancreatic cancer; Positron emission tomography; Staging.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis*
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • CA-19-9 Antigen / blood
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multimodal Imaging*
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Positron-Emission Tomography*
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed*
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • CA-19-9 Antigen
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18