Using PRECEDE to develop a weight management program for disadvantaged young adults

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a needs assessment using the PRECEDE model for the development of a weight management program for low-income young adults.

Design: Four phases were implemented using qualitative (focus groups and interviews) and quantitative (survey) methodologies, with steering committee guidance.

Setting: Northeastern residential vocational center.

Participants: Convenience sample of low-income young adults, 18-24 years old (total n = 203), who were attending a job training vocational center.

Phenomenon of interest: General themes of life satisfaction determinants and issues related to weight, self-reported weight and related behavior, existing environmental supports, and desired changes of behavioral and environmental influences of weight.

Analysis: Content analysis of qualitative data; descriptive analysis and Student t test.

Results: Self-image and discrimination were themes for weight issues. More than half of participants were overweight or obese (57%) and had low levels of physical activity (58%). Self-reported fruit and vegetable intake was inadequate (<2.5 cups/d). Identified environmental factors most needing improvement were accessibility for walking and biking and availability of healthful food. Participants reported exercising, getting adequate sleep, eating healthful snacks, and effectively managing stress as behavior they were willing to change.

Conclusions and implications: The PRECEDE model was useful to identify concerns, priorities, and modifiable factors among a young adult community that can increase the relevancy of a weight management program.

Keywords: community-based approach; life satisfaction; low income; weight management; young adults.