Toll-like receptors: Role in inflammation and therapeutic potential

Biofactors. 2014 May-Jun;40(3):284-94. doi: 10.1002/biof.1156. Epub 2013 Dec 21.

Abstract

Inflammation is an essential process in response to injury and infection. However, under certain circumstances dis-regulation of this process can lead to pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, lupus, and is a contributory factor in the progression of many cancers. The Toll-like family of receptors (TLRs) has major roles in the initiation of the inflammatory response and as such has attracted much focus for their potential as therapeutic targets. Here we review the role of TLRs in the inflammatory response and associated disease and examine how this important family of molecules might be targeted for therapeutic benefit.

Keywords: DAMP; PAMP; inflammation; leukocyte; toll-like receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Marrow / immunology
  • Bone Marrow / pathology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Inflammation Mediators / physiology
  • Monocytes / immunology
  • Monocytes / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Toll-Like Receptors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Toll-Like Receptors / physiology*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Toll-Like Receptors