Free-standing and binder-free sodium-ion electrodes with ultralong cycle life and high rate performance based on porous carbon nanofibers

Nanoscale. 2014 Jan 21;6(2):693-8. doi: 10.1039/c3nr05022j.

Abstract

Free-standing and binder-free porous carbon nanofibers (P-CNFs) electrodes were prepared by pyrolysis of PAN-F127/DMF nanofibers via an electrospinning process as potential anodes for Na-ion batteries (NIB). The P-CNFs delivers a reversible capacity of 266 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, corresponding to ~80% of the initial charge capacity. When cycled at a current density as high as 500 mA g(-1) (2 C), it still delivers a reversible capacity of ~140 mA h g(-1) after 1000 cycles. The improvement of electrochemical performance is attributed to the special design and microstructure of P-CNFs, which conferred a variety of advantages: hierarchical porous channels enabling short transport length for ions and electrons, 3D interconnected structure resulting in low contact resistances, good mechanical properties leading to the excellent morphology stability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carbon / chemistry*
  • Electric Power Supplies*
  • Electrochemical Techniques
  • Electrodes
  • Ions / chemistry
  • Lithium / chemistry
  • Nanofibers / chemistry*
  • Porosity
  • Sodium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Ions
  • Carbon
  • Lithium
  • Sodium