Caveolae-dependent and -independent uptake of albumin in cultured rodent pulmonary endothelial cells

PLoS One. 2013 Nov 27;8(11):e81903. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081903. eCollection 2013.

Abstract

Although a critical role for caveolae-mediated albumin transcytosis in pulmonary endothelium is well established, considerably less is known about caveolae-independent pathways. In this current study, we confirmed that cultured rat pulmonary microvascular (RPMEC) and pulmonary artery (RPAEC) endothelium endocytosed Alexa488-labeled albumin in a saturable, temperature-sensitive mode and internalization resulted in co-localization by fluorescence microscopy with cholera B toxin and caveolin-1. Although siRNA to caveolin-1 (cav-1) in RPAEC significantly inhibited albumin uptake, a remnant portion of albumin uptake was cav-1-independent, suggesting alternative pathways for albumin uptake. Thus, we isolated and cultured mouse lung endothelial cells (MLEC) from wild type and cav-1(-/-) mice and noted that ~ 65% of albumin uptake, as determined by confocal imaging or live cell total internal reflectance fluorescence microscopy (TIRF), persisted in total absence of cav-1. Uptake of colloidal gold labeled albumin was evaluated by electron microscopy and demonstrated that albumin uptake in MLEC from cav-1(-/-) mice was through caveolae-independent pathway(s) including clathrin-coated pits that resulted in endosomal accumulation of albumin. Finally, we noted that albumin uptake in RPMEC was in part sensitive to pharmacological agents (amiloride [sodium transport inhibitor], Gö6976 [protein kinase C inhibitor], and cytochalasin D [inhibitor of actin polymerization]) consistent with a macropinocytosis-like process. The amiloride sensitivity accounting for macropinocytosis also exists in albumin uptake by both wild type and cav-1(-/-) MLEC. We conclude from these studies that in addition to the well described caveolar-dependent pulmonary endothelial cell endocytosis of albumin, a portion of overall uptake in pulmonary endothelial cells is cav-1 insensitive and appears to involve clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis-like process.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Albumins / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Caveolae / physiology*
  • Caveolin 1 / genetics
  • Caveolin 1 / metabolism
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA Primers
  • Endocytosis*
  • Endothelium, Vascular / cytology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / metabolism*
  • Lung / blood supply*
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Pinocytosis
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • Rats

Substances

  • Albumins
  • Cav1 protein, rat
  • Caveolin 1
  • DNA Primers
  • RNA, Small Interfering