Objective: To explore the incidence and possible risk factors of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in the maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Methods: A total of 375 maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled in this study from September 1 to 30 in 2012. The diagnosis and assessment of severity were based on the International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) standard. The relevant laboratory parameters and dialysis indicators were collected, such as hemoglobin, serum ferritin, parathyroid hormone, blood flow and dialysis mode. The clinical data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method.
Results: The incidence of RLS was 13.3% with the severity score of 18.69 ± 0.95. The logistic regression analysis showed that anuria (OR 0.292, 95%CI 0.114-0.750) and β2 microglobulin (OR 1.023, 95%CI 1.003-1.044) were the risk factors for RLS in the maintenance hemodialysis patients, while hemoglobin, serum iron and parathyroid hormone were not correlated with RLS.
Conclusions: The incidence of RLS is high in the maintenance hemodialysis patients. The risk factors of RLS are anuria and β2 microglobulin. Therefore, the preservation of residual renal function and the improvement of dialysis adequacy, especially the removal of the middle molecular weight toxins, may reduce the occurrence of RLS and improve the quality of life in the hemodialysis patients.