Technical and early outcomes of Ivor Lewis minimally invasive oesophagectomy for gastric tube construction in the thoracic cavity

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2014 Jan;18(1):86-91. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivt448. Epub 2013 Oct 20.

Abstract

Objectives: Ivor Lewis minimally invasive oesophagectomy (ILMIE) is a complex surgery aiming to remove an oesophageal tumour and to create a new gastric tube in the abdomen. The objective was to assess the technical and early outcomes of ILMIE for gastric tube construction in the thoracic cavity.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 25 middle or lower oesophageal cancer patients treated with ILMIE between August and December 2012. A gastric tube was constructed in the thoracic cavity in all patients. The gastric tube and the oesophagus were anastomosed using a circular stapler. Clinical data (age, gender, pathological pattern and TNM stage), surgical data (operation time, intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative complications) and follow-up data (postoperative complications, length of stay, thoracic tube drainage time and time before eating) were assessed.

Results: The mean age was 61 ± 8 years. Sixteen patients were male and 9 were female. Oesophageal cancer was located in the middle oesophagus in 5 cases and in the lower oesophagus in 20. No conversion to open surgery was performed. The mean operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 320 ± 63 min and 137 ± 95 ml, respectively. A mean of 2.4 ± 0.5 linear stapler cartridges was used per patient. A mean of 14.6 ± 5.4 lymph nodes was dissected per patient. Postoperative hospital stay was 13.2 ± 2.4 days. Intraoperative and postoperative complications occurred in 12% (3 of 25) and 20% (5 of 25) of patients, respectively, including 1 case of anastomotic fistula. The patients were followed up for a mean of 3.5 ± 1.2 months, and there was no relapse or death.

Conclusions: The construction of a gastric tube through the thoracic cavity using ILMIE is feasible and safe in patients with middle or lower oesophageal cancer. However, longer follow-up and larger sample sizes are needed to evaluate the oncological efficacy.

Keywords: Complications; Gastric tube construction; Ivor Lewis minimally invasive oesophagectomy; Oesophageal cancer; Thoracic cavity.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anastomosis, Surgical
  • Blood Loss, Surgical
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Esophagectomy / adverse effects
  • Esophagectomy / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Lymph Node Excision
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Operative Time
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stomach / surgery*
  • Surgical Stapling
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome