The role of additive in diketopyrrolopyrrole-based small molecular bulk heterojunction solar cells

Abstract

A new diketopyrrolopyrrole-based small molecule for solution-processed OPVs is synthesized. The chemical additive has a profound effect in refining the morphology and, thus, significantly increases the efficiencies of the devices. The role of the additive is characterized by various techniques and the additive-driven structure-property relationship is established, which reveals that the additive affects the crystallization, PCBM aggregation, and phase separation.

Keywords: X-ray diffraction; crystallization; morphology; organic photovoltaics.