Non-operative management of blunt liver injury: a new protocol for selected hemodynamically unstable patients under hypotensive resuscitation

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2014 Mar;21(3):205-11. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.19. Epub 2013 Jul 22.

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate our new protocol for performing non-operative management for selected unstable patients under hypotensive resuscitation using improved diagnostic imaging techniques.

Methods: This retrospective study included 77 consecutive patients with blunt liver injury. They were divided into two groups: those treated before and those treated after the revision. Under the new protocol, we attempted to manage the patients non-operatively, usually with angioembolization, including those whose shock improved with fluid resuscitation and continuous loading, permitting the maintenance of a target systolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg. The outcomes of the two groups were evaluated and compared.

Results: While comparing the groups, although there was no change in the liver-related morbidity and mortality rates, the urgent and overall laparotomy rates and transfusion requirements in 24 h significantly decreased after the protocol revision. While comparing the subgroups of high-grade injury (AAST Grades 3-5), the overall laparotomy rates and transfusion requirements in 24 h significantly decreased after the protocol revision.

Conclusions: All the selected unstable patients were successfully managed non-operatively after the protocol revision. The decrease in laparotomy rates and transfusion requirements confirmed the feasibility of our new protocol for these selected patients.

Keywords: Angioembolization · Blunt liver injury · Hemodynamically unstable · Hypotensive resuscitation · Non-operative management.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Algorithms
  • Child
  • Clinical Protocols*
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / methods*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Fluid Therapy
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Liver / injuries*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Shock, Hemorrhagic / etiology
  • Shock, Hemorrhagic / therapy
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / complications
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / physiopathology
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / therapy*
  • Young Adult