Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of osteopontin in patients with acute dyspnoea and/or peripheral oedema suspected of having acute congestive heart failure (aCHF).
Methods and results: A total of 401 patients presenting with acute dyspnoea and/or peripheral oedema to the emergency department were prospectively enrolled and followed up for up to 5 years. Blood samples for biomarker measurements were collected on admission to the emergency department. Osteopontin combined with NT-proBNP vs. NT-proBNP alone for diagnosis of aCHF was tested. Additionally, osteopontin vs. NT-proBNP for prognostic outcomes (i.e. all-cause mortality, aCHF-related rehospitalization, and both in combination) was tested. The diagnostic and prognostic capacity of osteopontin was tested by C-statistics, reclassification indices, and multivariable Cox prediction models. Osteopontin plus NT-proBNP improved the diagnostic capacity for aCHF diagnosis [accuracy 76%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 72-80%; specificity 74%, 95% CI 69-79%, net reclassification improvement (NRI) +0.10] compared with NT-proBNP alone in the emergency department (P = 0.0001). Osteopontin independently predicted all-cause mortality and aCHF-related rehospitalization after 1 and 5 years. Compared with NT-proBNP, osteopontin was of superior prognostic value, specifically in aCHF patients and for the prognostic outcome of aCHF-related rehospitalization.
Conclusion: Osteopontin improves aCHF diagnosis when combined with NT-proBNP. Osteopontin identifies aCHF patients with high 1- and 5-year mortality and rehospitalization risk, and adds prognostic value to NT-proBNP. Trial registration NCT00143793.
Keywords: Acute congestive heart failure; Mortality; NT-proBNP; Osteopontin; Prognosis; Rehospitalization.