5,980 blood donors were screened for HIV1 antibodies and Hepatitis B Virus surface antigen (HBs Ag), using the ELISA technique, in the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon, between January 1988 and May 1989. All HBs Ag positive samples were also screened for HBe Ag. The seroprevalence of HIV1 antibodies was 0.43%; 11.72% of blood donors were found to be HBs Ag positive and, among these, 16.26% were also HBe Ag positive.