Synthetic mammalian trigger-controlled bipartite transcription factors

Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jul;41(13):e134. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkt405. Epub 2013 May 17.

Abstract

Synthetic biology has significantly advanced the design of synthetic control devices, gene circuits and networks that can reprogram mammalian cells in a trigger-inducible manner. Prokaryotic helix-turn-helix motifs have become the standard resource to design synthetic mammalian transcription factors that tune chimeric promoters in a small molecule-responsive manner. We have identified a family of Actinomycetes transcriptional repressor proteins showing a tandem TetR-family signature and have used a synthetic biology-inspired approach to reveal the potential control dynamics of these bi-partite regulators. Daisy-chain assembly of well-characterized prokaryotic repressor proteins such as TetR, ScbR, TtgR or VanR and fusion to either the Herpes simplex transactivation domain VP16 or the Krueppel-associated box domain (KRAB) of the human kox-1 gene resulted in synthetic bi- and even tri-partite mammalian transcription factors that could reversibly program their individual chimeric or hybrid promoters for trigger-adjustable transgene expression using tetracycline (TET), γ-butyrolactones, phloretin and vanillic acid. Detailed characterization of the bi-partite ScbR-TetR-VP16 (ST-TA) transcription factor revealed independent control of TET- and γ-butyrolactone-responsive promoters at high and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) relay switch qualities at low intracellular concentrations. Similar to electromagnetically operated mechanical DPDT relay switches that control two electric circuits by a fully isolated low-power signal, TET programs ST-TA to progressively switch from TetR-specific promoter-driven expression of transgene one to ScbR-specific promoter-driven transcription of transgene two while ST-TA flips back to exclusive transgene 1 expression in the absence of the trigger antibiotic. We suggest that natural repressors and activators with tandem TetR-family signatures may also provide independent as well as DPDT-mediated control of two sets of transgenes in bacteria, and that their synthetic transcription-factor analogs may enable the design of compact therapeutic gene circuits for gene and cell-based therapies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actinobacteria / genetics
  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65 / genetics
  • Humans
  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Protein Engineering / methods
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / chemistry
  • Repressor Proteins / chemistry*
  • Repressor Proteins / classification
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism
  • Synthetic Biology / methods
  • Trans-Activators / chemistry*
  • Trans-Activators / genetics
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism
  • Transgenes

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65
  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Repressor Proteins
  • ScbR protein, Streptomyces coelicolor
  • Trans-Activators
  • ZNF10 protein, human
  • tetracycline resistance-encoding transposon repressor protein