Prospective assessment of incidence of Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy in a very large urban agglomeration

Abstract

Background: Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a recently described medical entity and the incidence of TTC in a global population is still uncertain. We sought to prospectively assess the incidence of TTC in a large urban area.

Methods and results: We included all consecutive patients referred for coronary angiography in three hospitals located in Paris and its suburbs. We prospectively estimated the percentage of TTC among patients referred for coronary angiography and extrapolated the number of cases of TTC in the greater Paris area (11,598,866 inhabitants) according to the CARDIO-ARHIF registry (government agency). Among 2547 patients (2972 coronary angiographies) including 815 acute coronary syndromes, 20 patients presented with TTC (19 women, mean age 66 ± 13 years). The percentage of TTC among suspected acute coronary syndromes was 2.5% (8.2% in women versus 0.2% in men, p<0.001). In the CARDIO-ARHIF registry, we individualized 51,403 coronary angiographies performed in all catheterization laboratories in one year (13,820 women and 10,246 women ≥ 60 years). In this region, the yearly number of TTC cases is estimated to be 346 (95% CI: 216-520). The annual incidence of TTC is estimated to be 29.8 per 1,000,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 18.6-44.9), 48.2 per 1,000,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 29.7-73.0) among women and 187.4 per 1,000,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 103.3-307.2) among women ≥ 60 years.

Conclusions: Within a large urban agglomeration, the incidence of TTC is high in women ≥ 60 years. The current rate of this recently described cardiomyopathy has been underestimated in previous retrospective studies and will probably rise with the increase of life expectancy.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Cardiomyopathy; Incidence; Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy.