Neither microbial translocation nor TLR responsiveness are likely explanations for preexisting immune activation in women who subsequently acquired HIV in CAPRISA 004

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013 Jul 1;63(3):294-8. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31828e604b.

Abstract

Innate immune activation was a strong predictor of HIV acquisition in women at risk for HIV in CAPRISA 004. Identifying the cause(s) of activation could enable targeted prevention interventions. In this study, plasma concentrations of lipopolysaccharide, soluble CD14, and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein did not differ between subjects who did or did not subsequently acquire HIV nor were these levels correlated with plasma cytokines or natural killer cell activation. There was no difference between HIV acquirers and non-acquirers in the chemokine and cytokine responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with TLR2, 4, or 7/8 agonists. Further studies are required.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00441298.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenine / therapeutic use
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bacterial Translocation*
  • Cytokines / blood*
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / blood
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / blood
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV-1 / immunology
  • Humans
  • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology*
  • Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / blood
  • Lipopolysaccharides / blood
  • Lymphocyte Activation*
  • Organophosphonates / therapeutic use
  • Tenofovir
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2 / agonists
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / agonists
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7 / agonists
  • Toll-Like Receptor 8 / agonists
  • Toll-Like Receptors / immunology*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Cytokines
  • Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
  • Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Organophosphonates
  • TLR2 protein, human
  • TLR4 protein, human
  • TLR7 protein, human
  • TLR8 protein, human
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7
  • Toll-Like Receptor 8
  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Tenofovir
  • Adenine

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00441298