Promoter- and RNA polymerase II-dependent hsp-16 gene association with nuclear pores in Caenorhabditis elegans

J Cell Biol. 2013 Mar 4;200(5):589-604. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201207024.

Abstract

Some inducible yeast genes relocate to nuclear pores upon activation, but the general relevance of this phenomenon has remained largely unexplored. Here we show that the bidirectional hsp-16.2/41 promoter interacts with the nuclear pore complex upon activation by heat shock in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Direct pore association was confirmed by both super-resolution microscopy and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The hsp-16.2 promoter was sufficient to mediate perinuclear positioning under basal level conditions of expression, both in integrated transgenes carrying from 1 to 74 copies of the promoter and in a single-copy genomic insertion. Perinuclear localization of the uninduced gene depended on promoter elements essential for induction and required the heat-shock transcription factor HSF-1, RNA polymerase II, and ENY-2, a factor that binds both SAGA and the THO/TREX mRNA export complex. After induction, colocalization with nuclear pores increased significantly at the promoter and along the coding sequence, dependent on the same promoter-associated factors, including active RNA polymerase II, and correlated with nascent transcripts.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / embryology
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / enzymology*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism*
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / genetics
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / metabolism*
  • Heat-Shock Response* / genetics
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Nuclear Pore / enzymology*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic*
  • RNA Interference
  • RNA Polymerase II / metabolism*
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
  • Time Factors
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Heat-Shock Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • SAGA complex, S cerevisiae
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transcription Factors
  • heat shock factor-1, C elegans
  • hsp-16.2 protein, C elegans
  • RNA Polymerase II