[Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) predicts acute kidney injury in septic shock at ICU admission]

Abstract

Purpose: To validate plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (pNGAL) as an early biomarker in intensive care unit (ICU) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill adult with septic shock.

Patients and method: Fifty consecutive patients with septic shock were included in this observational cohort study. AKI was defined if patients met any RIFLE or AKIN criteria. The main objective was to evaluate diagnosis value of pNGAL measured with a point-of-care device at admission (D0), at 24hours (D1) and at 48hours (D2).

Results: Among the 50 patients enrolled, 86% had AKI, 48% had persistent renal AKI and 30% required renal replacement therapy (RRT) during their ICU stay. At D0, pNGAL concentration was significantly higher in patients with AKI compared to patients without AKI (471ng/mL versus 134ng/mL, P<0.001). This level remained significantly higher in the AKI population at D1 and D2 and pNGAL concentration at D0 among AKI patients increased with kidney failure level. At D1, pNGAL was significantly higher for persistent renal AKI rather than transient prerenal (570ng/mL versus 337ng/mL, P=0.027). pNGAL concentration below 348ng/mL at D1 was never seen in patients with RRT.

Conclusion: Plasma NGAL is a useful, sensitive and early biomarker to predict persistent AKI in septic shock at ICU admission and help to discuss RRT.