We report here a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF55_01B) composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B, with four recombination breakpoints in the pol gene. CRF55_01B was identified from three epidemiologically unlinked men having sex with men (MSM) in China, suggesting the ongoing generation of recombinants involving CRF01_AE and subtype B lineages among MSM in China.