Early mobilization after ilio-inguinal lymph node dissection for melanoma does not increase the wound complication rate

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2013 Feb;39(2):185-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.08.018. Epub 2012 Sep 13.

Abstract

Aim: Ilio-inguinal lymph node dissection for stage III melanoma is accompanied by a substantial amount of wound complications. Our treatment protocols changed in time in terms of postoperative bed rest prescriptions, being in chronological order Group A: 10 days with a Bohler Braun splint, Group B: 10 days without splint, and Group C: 5 days without splint. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bed rest prescriptions on wound complications.

Methods: For this study, we included all patients who underwent ilio-inguinal dissection for stage III melanoma in the period 1989-2011. Both univariate and multivariable analysis were performed to identify factors that were associated with occurrence of wound complications defined as wound infection, wound necrosis, and seroma.

Results: Of the 204 patients analyzed, 99 suffered one or more wound complications: 51 wound infection, 29 wound necrosis, and 39 seroma. A wound complication occurred in 26 out of 64, 51 out of 89, and 22 out of 51 patients for Group A, B, and C, respectively. Univariate analysis showed age >55 (p = 0.001) and presence of comorbidity (p = 0.002) to be associated with higher incidence of wound complications. The 5 day bed rest protocol used in group C did not significantly increase the incidence of wound complications (ref = Group A: OR = 1.18; 95%CI = 0.52-2.68, p = 0.698).

Conclusion: Early mobilization did not significantly increase the overall wound complication rate after ilio-inguinal lymph node dissection for melanoma. Age >55 and comorbidity were risk factors in univariate analysis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Bed Rest*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Comorbidity
  • Early Ambulation* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inguinal Canal* / pathology
  • Inguinal Canal* / surgery
  • Length of Stay
  • Lymph Node Excision*
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymph Nodes / surgery*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Melanoma / surgery*
  • Middle Aged
  • Necrosis / epidemiology
  • Necrosis / etiology
  • Necrosis / prevention & control
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prescriptions
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroma / epidemiology
  • Seroma / etiology
  • Seroma / prevention & control
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Splints* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surgical Wound Infection / epidemiology
  • Surgical Wound Infection / etiology
  • Surgical Wound Infection / prevention & control
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome