Erythropoietic protoporphyria: spectrum of three cases

J Cutan Med Surg. 2012 Sep-Oct;16(5):311-6. doi: 10.1177/120347541201600507.

Abstract

Background: Erythropoietic protoporphyria is a rare photodermatosis of childhood, and the diagnosis can be delayed. A deficient ferrochelatase enzyme leads to accumulation of protoporphyrins in the dermis, causing phototoxic burning.

Objective: To report three cases with great variability in severity of symptoms and age at diagnosis. We discuss clinical and biochemical findings, mutation analysis, and therapeutic options.

Methods: We report three cases with different degrees of photosensitivity, laboratory results, psychosocial impact, and preventive and therapeutic treatments.

Results: The diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria was confirmed by both typical elevation of plasma porphyrins and the discovery of a mutated FECH gene.

Conclusion: Erythropoietic protoporphyria should be suspected in any cases of childhood photosensitivity. Systemic complications are unusual. Mutation analysis confirms the diagnosis. Photoprotection is the cornerstone of treatment.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child, Preschool
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Ferrochelatase / blood
  • Ferrochelatase / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mutation*
  • Phenotype
  • Porphyrins / blood
  • Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic / blood
  • Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic / diagnosis*
  • Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic / genetics

Substances

  • Porphyrins
  • Ferrochelatase