Endochondral ossification plays critical roles in skeletal development and tissue patterning. Disruption of endochondral ossification and cartilage homeostasis results in skeletal dysplasia and cartilage diseases such as osteoarthritis. Several transcription factors regulate chondrocyte differentiation and expression of chondrogenic matrices, and consequently maintains order of endochondral ossification. In this review article, we would like to introduce recent advancement in understanding of role and functional regulation of transcription factors in endochondral ossification.