Purpose: We attempted to determine the results of the ureterointestinal anastomosis in the Hautmann orthotopic ileal neobladder. This study was conducted prospectively and focused on ureteral stricture, which occurs mainly during the 2 years after surgery.
Patients and methods: Between January1999 and June 2009, a total of 100 consecutive patients (five women and 95 men) with bladder cancer underwent cystectomy followed by construction of a Hautmann neobladder. The median age of the patients was 62 (36-78) years. The mean follow-up was 63 (±28) months and included physical examination, serum creatinine values, urine cytology, CT scans and renal ultrasonography.
Results: A total of 197 renal units (RU) were included. In eleven RU, hydronephrosis was present preoperatively and improved postoperatively. In ten others RU, hydronephrosis persisted postoperatively without symptoms. The anastomotic stricture rate was 4%, concerning eight RU by seven patients. Five inflammatory strictures (2.5%) occurred early on the 5th, 6th, 8th and 13th postoperative weeks and were revealed by pyelonephritis. Three strictures were tumors in nature and were revealed by urine cytology and radiology on the 6th, 7th and the 14th month respectively. The five inflammatory strictures were treated with percutaneous nephrostomy, balloon dilatation and ureteral stenting. For three of these four patients, surgical reimplantation was necessary on the 4th, 5th and 7th months, like in the case of the three tumoral strictures.
Conclusion: With a minimal 2 years follow-up, ureterointestinal anastomosis with double chimney had, in this study, a 4% rate of anastomotic stenosis. The surgical modification avoiding tension seemed to preserve ureteral vascularization.
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