Comparison of three ADHD screening instruments in college students of varying cognitive ability

J Atten Disord. 2013 Jul;17(5):449-54. doi: 10.1177/1087054712438136. Epub 2012 Mar 26.

Abstract

Objective: To assess three of the better known screeners for Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and review the relationship between ADHD and cognitive ability.

Method: The three ADHD screeners were administered to 111 college students enrolled in a college Introductory Psychology class, on whom ACT scores and total course performance were also available. As a measure of cognitive ability, the Wonderlic Personnel Test (Wonderlic, Inc., 2000) was also administered. Furthermore, self-report data were available from participants who had been diagnosed with ADHD. The three screeners were the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) (Kessler et al., 2005), the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Self-Report: Long Version (CAARS) (Conners, Erhardt, & Sparrow, 1999), and the Brown ADD Scales (Brown, 1996).

Results: The results are discussed in terms of the scales' reliability, as well as their relationship to academic aptitude, class performance, and their ability to identify self-reported ADHD diagnoses.

Conclusion: All three screeners exhibited acceptable reliability levels. Criterion validity was demonstrated by the relationship between the CAARS's inattention subscale and self-reported cases of ADHD. Criterion validity was also seen in the relationship found between the CAARS's hyperactivity/restlessness subscale and the total course performance even after controlling for cognitive ability. Contrary to past research cognitive ability exhibited a weak but significant relationship with a few screeners and screener subscales.

Keywords: ADD/ADHD; college students; psychometrics.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Aptitude*
  • Attention
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / diagnosis*
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / psychology*
  • Cognition Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Cognition Disorders / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening*
  • Psychometrics / statistics & numerical data
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Students / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires*
  • Young Adult