Abstract
Anthrax lethal toxin (LT), a major virulence determinant of anthrax disease, induces vascular collapse in mice and rats. LT activates the Nlrp1 inflammasome in macrophages and dendritic cells, resulting in caspase-1 activation, IL-1β and IL-18 maturation and a rapid cell death (pyroptosis). This review presents the current understanding of LT-induced activation of Nlrp1 in cells and its consequences for toxin-mediated effects in rodent toxin and spore challenge models.
Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
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Animals
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Anthrax / pathology*
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Antigens, Bacterial / metabolism*
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Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism*
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Bacillus anthracis / pathogenicity
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Bacterial Toxins / metabolism*
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Cell Death
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Dendritic Cells / microbiology
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Dendritic Cells / physiology
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Inflammasomes / metabolism*
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Macrophages / microbiology
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Macrophages / physiology
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Mice
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NLR Proteins
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Rats
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Antigens, Bacterial
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Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
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Bacterial Toxins
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Inflammasomes
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NLR Proteins
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NLRP1 protein, human
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anthrax toxin