Objective: To analyze and summarize the risk factors of malignant tumor after renal transplantation.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 435 renal recipients who underwent renal transplantation in our institute from May 1991 to March 2011, and found 14 patients developed malignant tumor, of which 12 were from our institute, and the other 2 were referred from other institute. We analyzed the risk factors of those tumors for their incidence, classification, time of final diagnosis, immunity suppression therapy and prognosis.
Results: The incidence of malignant tumors after renal transplantation in our hospital was 2.8%.Of the 14 cases, 11 were urothelial tumor (6 cases developed both in pelvis and ureter, 2 cases of primary ureter cancer and 3 cases of primary bladder cancer), and the other 3 were thyroid carcinoma, colon carcinoma and lymphoma. We carried out radical corrections in 13 patients,of whom 10 were in good status, 2 underwent the secondary operation in 1 year due to relapse (one patient died in half a year due to tumor size expansion), and 1 died from repeated relapse in 3 years. Chemotherapy was used for the patient with lymphoma.
Conclusion: Immunity suppression and surgery are associated with the high incidence of maglinant tumor (78% were urinary tract tumors) after renal transplantation. The risk of tumor is strongly associated with the recipient's survival. The key point of management is early diagnosis and treatment. Further attention should be emphasized to painless gross hematuria, unconfirmed back pain, hydronephrosis, hydroureter and infections.