Natriuretic peptides: ready for prime-time in hypertension?

Abstract

Over the past years, natriuretic peptides have been recognised not only as important contributors to cardiovascular regulation but also as valuable markers in overt cardiac disease, including heart failure or coronary disease. More recently, these markers have shown their ability to detect preclinical cardiac alterations in different settings. In this respect, natriuretic peptides offer a new perspective for risk stratification in hypertension. They are correlated to various features of cardiac remodelling provoked by hypertension. They also depend on vascular properties, including blood pressure level and aortic stiffness. In addition to being integrative markers of cardiovascular alterations, several studies have shown their value in predicting all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the general population. At least three consistent studies are now available in hypertension also showing this prognostic value. This performance, together with the ease of measurement, low cost and widespread availability, should prompt the wide use of natriuretic peptides for risk stratification in hypertension, at least in patients with normal electrocardiography, but also in most hypertensive patients.