Molecular cloning and expression of gene encoding aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in 'Vidal blanc' grape berries

Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Apr;39(4):4319-25. doi: 10.1007/s11033-011-1219-y. Epub 2011 Jul 26.

Abstract

The pleasantly fruity and floral 2-phenylethanol are a dominant aroma compound in post-ripening 'Vidal blanc' grapes. However, to date little has been reported about its synthetic pathway in grapevine. In the present study, a full-length cDNA of VvAADC (encoding aromatic amino acid decarboxylase) was firstly cloned from the berries of 'Vidal blanc', an interspecific hybrid variety of Vitis vinifera × Vitis riparia. This sequence encodes a complete open reading frame of 482 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 54 kDa and isoelectric point value (pI) of 5.73. The amino acid sequence deduced shared about 79% identity with that of aromatic L: -amino acid decarboxylases (AADCs) from tomato. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that VvAADC transcript abundance presented a small peak at 110 days after full bloom and then a continuous increase at the berry post-ripening stage, which was consistent with the accumulation of 2-phenylethanol, but did not correspond to the trends of two potential intermediates, phenethylamine and 2-phenylacetaldehyde. Furthermore, phenylalanine still exhibited a continuous increase even in post-ripening period. It is thus suggested that 2-phenylethanol biosynthetic pathway mediated by AADC exists in grape berries, but it has possibly little contribution to a considerable accumulation of 2-phenylethanol in post-ripening 'Vidal blanc' grapes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetaldehyde / analogs & derivatives
  • Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases / genetics*
  • Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases / metabolism
  • Biosynthetic Pathways / genetics
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Crosses, Genetic
  • Fruit / enzymology*
  • Fruit / genetics*
  • Fruit / growth & development
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
  • Genes, Plant / genetics*
  • Phenethylamines / metabolism
  • Phenylalanine / metabolism
  • Phenylethyl Alcohol / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Vitis / enzymology*
  • Vitis / genetics*
  • Vitis / growth & development

Substances

  • Phenethylamines
  • RNA, Messenger
  • phenethylamine
  • Phenylalanine
  • Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases
  • Acetaldehyde
  • Phenylethyl Alcohol
  • phenylacetaldehyde