Immunoglobulin E deficiency: a forgotten clue pointing to possible immunodeficiency?

Ann Clin Biochem. 2011 Sep;48(Pt 5):459-61. doi: 10.1258/acb.2011.011052. Epub 2011 Jun 30.

Abstract

Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiency often have delayed diagnosis. Very low IgE, found during investigations for allergy, may be a marker for other immunodeficiency.

Methods: We introduced a new laboratory policy of testing cases with very low IgE levels for possible linked antibody deficiency. The data represent an audit of routine results collected over two years.

Results: Very low IgE (≤2 IU/mL) was identified in 85/2622 (3.2%) routine patient samples. Two children and four adult patients were found to have one or more classes of immunoglobulin below the reference range for age. In 2/6, the initiative of the laboratory led to a new unsuspected diagnosis of antibody immunodeficiency.

Conclusions: Common variable immunodeficiency continues to be overlooked as a primary cause of lung disease in adults. Very low serum IgE should trigger appropriate investigation (immunoglobulin quantification and serum electrophoresis).

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency / blood
  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency / diagnosis
  • Dysgammaglobulinemia / blood
  • Dysgammaglobulinemia / diagnosis*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / deficiency*
  • Infant
  • Middle Aged

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin E