Expression and biophysical analysis of a triple-transmembrane domain-containing fragment from a yeast G protein-coupled receptor

Biopolymers. 2011;96(6):757-71. doi: 10.1002/bip.21614.

Abstract

Structural characterization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is hindered by the inherent hydrophobicity, flexibility, and large size of these signaling proteins. Insights into conformational preferences and the three-dimensional (3D) structure of domains of these receptors can be obtained using polypeptide fragments of these proteins. Herein, we report the expression, purification, and biophysical characterization of a three-transmembrane domain-containing 131-residue fragment of the yeast α-factor receptor, Ste2p. Ste2p TM1–TM3 (G31–R161) was expressed as a TrpΔLE fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein was subject to CNBr cleavage to remove the fusion tag and TM1–TM3 was purified by reverse-phased HPLC. The cleavage product was isolated in yields of up to 20 mg per liter of culture in both unlabeled and uniformly [15N]-labeled and [15N, 13C, 2H]-labeled forms. The secondary structure of TM1–TM3 was determined to be helical in a number of membrane mimetic environments, including 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE):water and lysomyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (LMPG) detergent micelles by circular dichroism. Preliminary HSQC analysis in 50% TFE:water and LMPG micelles prepared in sodium phosphate and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffers revealed that this fragment is suitable for structural analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Complete backbone assignments and a detailed localization of the secondary structural elements of TM1–TM3 in 50% TFE:water have been achieved.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Biophysics
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism*
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / chemistry
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism*

Substances

  • Peptide Fragments
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled