In 55 hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transcatheter arterial embolization or one shot therapy, the prognosis of patients treated with UFT (group A; n = 23) were historically compared with those of patients treated without UFT (group B; n=32). In group A, survival rate was 91.3% at 6 month; 67.5% at 1-year, 24.3% at 2-year, 24.3% at 3 year, in group B, 59.4% at 6-month, 37.5% at 1 year, 16.1% at 2-year. In these comparison, group A revealed significantly higher survival rate than group B. These results indicated that UFT was effective as maintenance therapy after transcatheter arterial embolization or one shot therapy with hepatocellular carcinoma.