The immunization strategy aimed to the elimination of Measles and the prevention of Congenital Rubella failed to reach the planned objectives in Europe; in Italy the renewed National Elimination Plan (PNEMoRc 2010-2015) has been recently approved. The evaluation of a preventive intervention to avoid the spread of measles in a Roma people camp confirm the importance of specific vaccination in high risk populations, like nomads, in which low coverage rates are responsible for the maintenance of the disease.