Solution-processed sintered nanocrystal solar cells via layer-by-layer assembly

Nano Lett. 2011 Jul 13;11(7):2856-64. doi: 10.1021/nl201282v. Epub 2011 May 27.

Abstract

Solar cells made by high temperature and vacuum processes from inorganic semiconductors are at a perceived cost disadvantage when compared with solution-processed systems such as organic and dye-sensitized solar cells. We demonstrate that totally solution processable solar cells can be fabricated from inorganic nanocrystal inks in air at temperature as low as 300 °C. Focusing on a CdTe/ZnO thin-film system, we report solar cells that achieve power conversion efficiencies of 6.9% with greater than 90% internal quantum efficiency. In our approach, nanocrystals are deposited from solution in a layer-by-layer process. Chemical and thermal treatments between layers induce large scale grain formation, turning the 4 nm CdTe particles into pinhole-free films with an optimized average crystallite size of ∼70 nm. Through capacitance-voltage measurements we demonstrate that the CdTe layer is fully depleted which enables the charge carrier collection to be maximized.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cadmium Compounds / chemistry*
  • Electric Power Supplies*
  • Membranes, Artificial
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanotechnology
  • Particle Size
  • Semiconductors
  • Solar Energy*
  • Solutions
  • Surface Properties
  • Tellurium / chemistry*
  • Temperature
  • Vacuum
  • Zinc Oxide / chemistry*

Substances

  • Cadmium Compounds
  • Membranes, Artificial
  • Solutions
  • Tellurium
  • Zinc Oxide
  • cadmium telluride