Effects of desogestrel and gestodene in low-dose oral contraceptive combinations on lipid and lipoprotein status. A randomized prospective study

Acta Eur Fertil. 1990 May-Jun;21(3):143-6.

Abstract

This study was designated to assess the effects of two low-dose oral contraceptives (OC) on serum lipids and lipoproteins and to compare, at same oestrogen dose (30 micrograms), the effects of desogestrel (DG) with those of a new progestin, gestodene (GD). Fifty-four young women, matched for Quetelet's Index, age, diet, alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise habits, were randomly assigned to one of two regimens. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total triglycerides (T) and cholesterol (C), apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were measured prior to the OC commencement and after 6-cycle treatment. Sex hormone binding globulin (SHRG) and ceruloplasmin (CP) were determined as well. LDL-C, Apo A, C, T, increased significantly from baseline values, being still the increase within the reference range. Apo B changed proportional to the LDL-C increase. A rise in HDL-C occurred but it was statistically significant in the EE-DG group only. This result would suggest that the EE-DG combination is more estrogen-dominant that the EE-GD combination. However, this hypothesis was not consistent with the increase to the similar extent for SHBG and CP, which reflect the estrogenicity/gestagenicity of the two OCs. The disproportion of change between HDL-C and Apo A in only EE-GD group might reflect some compositional change in HDL particle. There were no significant differences between the two formulations for the parameters investigated.

PIP: This study was designed to assess the effects of 2 low-dose oral contraceptives (OCs) on serum lipids and lipoproteins and to compare, at the same 30 mcg estrogen dose, the effects of desogestrel (DG) with those of a new progestin, gestodene (GD). 54 young women, matched for Quetelet's Index, age, diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, and exercise habits, were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 regimens. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, total triglycerides (T), and cholesterol (C), apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A), and Apo B were measured prior to the OC commencement and after 6 cycles of treatment. Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and ceruloplasmin (CP) were determined as well. LDL-C, Apo A, C, and T increased significantly from baseline values, still remaining within the reference range. Apo B changed proportionally to the LDL-C increase. A rise in HDL-C occurred but it was statistically significant in the EE-DG group only. This result would suggest that the EE-DG combination is more estrogen dominant than the EE-GD combination; however this was not consistent with the increase to a similar extent of SHBG and CP, which reflect the estrogenicity/gestagenicity of the 2 OCs. The disproportionate change between HDL-C and Apo A in only the EE-GD group might reflect some compositional change in HDL particles. There were no significant differences between the 2 formulations for the parameters investigated.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Apolipoproteins A / blood
  • Apolipoproteins B / blood
  • Ceruloplasmin / metabolism
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / administration & dosage
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / pharmacology*
  • Desogestrel
  • Ethinyl Estradiol / administration & dosage
  • Ethinyl Estradiol / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lipids / blood*
  • Lipoproteins / blood*
  • Norpregnenes / administration & dosage
  • Norpregnenes / pharmacology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Random Allocation
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / metabolism
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins A
  • Apolipoproteins B
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined
  • Lipids
  • Lipoproteins
  • Norpregnenes
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin
  • Triglycerides
  • Gestodene
  • Ethinyl Estradiol
  • Desogestrel
  • Cholesterol
  • Ceruloplasmin