Entanglement between the future and the past in the quantum vacuum

Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Mar 18;106(11):110404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.110404. Epub 2011 Mar 17.

Abstract

We note that massless fields within the future and past light cone may be quantized as independent systems. The vacuum is shown to be a nonseparable state of these systems, exactly mirroring the known entanglement between the spacelike separated Rindler wedges. This leads to a notion of timelike entanglement. We describe an inertial detector which exhibits a thermal response to the vacuum when switched on at t=0, due to this property. The feasibility of detecting this effect is discussed, with natural experimental parameters appearing at the scale of 100 GHz.