Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytic cells that cooperate during inflammation and tissue repair. Neutrophils undergo apoptosis and are engulfed by macrophages. Engulfment modulates macrophage activation and microbicidal activity. Infection by Leishmania takes place in the context of tissue repair. This article discusses cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the intimate cooperation of neutrophils and macrophages in Leishmania infection.