The structural basis of blood group A-related glycolipids in an A3 red cell phenotype and a potential explanation to a serological phenomenon

Glycobiology. 2011 Feb;21(2):162-74. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwq143. Epub 2010 Oct 6.

Abstract

Glycolipids from the red cells of a rare blood group A subgroup individual, expressing the blood group A(3) phenotype with the classical mixed-field agglutination phenomenon, A(2(539G>A))/O(1) genotype, and an unusual blood group A glycolipid profile, were submitted to a comprehensive biochemical and structural analysis. To determine the nature of blood group A glycolipids in this A(3) phenotype, structural determination was carried out with complementary techniques including proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D), mass spectrometry (MS) (nano-electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight and tandem mass spectrometry) and thin layer chromatography with immunostaining detection. As expected, total blood group A structures were of low abundance, but contrary to expectations extended-A type 2 and A type 3 glycolipids were more dominant than A hexaglycosylceramides based on type 2 chain (A-6-2 glycolipids), which normally is the major A glycolipid. Several para-Forssman (GalNAcβ3GbO(4)) structures, including extended forms, were identified but surmised not to contribute to the classic mixed-field agglutination of the A(3) phenotype. It is proposed that the low level of A antigen combined with an absence of extended branched glycolipids may be the factor determining the mixed-field agglutination phenomenon in this individual.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • ABO Blood-Group System / blood*
  • ABO Blood-Group System / genetics*
  • Agglutination Tests
  • Carbohydrate Sequence / genetics
  • Chromatography, Thin Layer
  • Erythrocytes / chemistry
  • Erythrocytes / immunology
  • Genetic Association Studies
  • Genotype
  • Glycolipids* / analysis
  • Glycolipids* / chemistry
  • Glycolipids* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phenotype
  • Serology

Substances

  • ABO Blood-Group System
  • Glycolipids